What process is DNA essential for, among other functions?

DNA is essential for the process of mitosis, as it must be accurately replicated and divided between daughter cells during cell division. Mitosis involves several stages where double-stranded DNA ensures that genetic material is properly copied and distributed, maintaining the integrity of the genome for future cell generations.

While transcription and translation are critical processes involved in protein synthesis, they rely on RNA, which is synthesized from the DNA template but does not directly involve DNA in the mechanism of dividing and distributing genetic material to new cells. Replication is indeed a fundamental step that precedes mitosis; however, when considering the overall function of DNA in cell division, mitosis stands out as a distinct process wherein the pre-replicated DNA orchestrates the equal separation of chromosomes.