What is formed when three fatty acids bond to glycerol?

When three fatty acids bond to glycerol, the resulting molecule is known as a triglyceride. This process involves esterification, where the hydroxyl groups of glycerol react with the carboxyl groups of the fatty acids to form ester bonds, releasing water molecules in the process. Triglycerides serve as a significant form of energy storage in organisms and are a key component of adipose tissue.

Phospholipids, in contrast, are made from two fatty acids, glycerol, and a phosphate group, which gives them unique properties suitable for forming cell membranes. Cholesterol is a type of steroid and is structurally different from triglycerides as it contains a fused ring system rather than a glycerol backbone with fatty acids. Waxes are long-chain fatty acids linked to long-chain alcohols or carbon rings, distinguishing them further from triglycerides. Thus, the formation of triglycerides is specific and crucial for energy storage and metabolism.