How does temperature affect proteins?

Temperature plays a crucial role in the structure and function of proteins. When temperature increases beyond a certain threshold, it can lead to denaturation, which is the process where proteins lose their native structure. A protein's function is closely tied to its three-dimensional shape, which is maintained by various types of interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. High temperatures can disrupt these interactions, leading to a loss of structural integrity. As a result, the protein may unfold or aggregate, resulting in a loss of function, which is why the correct answer emphasizes the denaturation of proteins due to temperature changes. In contrast, certain lower temperatures can stabilize proteins, enhancing their efficiency under specific conditions.